Recent advances in wastewater treatment processes have resulted in high removal
efficiencies for various hazardous pollutants. Nevertheless, some technologies are more …

Zinc (Zn) is one of the most abundantly found heavy metals in the Earth's crust and is
reported to be an essential trace metal required for the growth of living beings, with it being a …

Fresh water accounts for 3% of water resources on the Earth. Human and industrial activities
produce and discharge wastes containing heavy metals into the water resources making …

The rise of anthropogenic activities has resulted in the increasing release of various
contaminants into the environment, jeopardizing fragile ecosystems in the process. Heavy …

Distinctive adsorption equilibria and kinetic models are of extensive use in explaining the
biosorption of heavy metals, denoting the need to highlight and summarize their essential …

Metal contamination of a few aquatic, atmospheric, and soil ecosystems has increased ever
since the industrial revolution, owing to discharge of such elements via the effluents of some …

A significant number of biosorption studies on the removal of heavy metal from aqueous
solutions have been conducted worldwide. Nearly all of them have been directed towards …

Sorption techniques are widely used to remove heavy metal ions from large volumes of
aqueous solutions. Herein, the natural and some artificial materials, such as clay minerals …

Reactions involved in the sorption of heavy metal cations and anions to the surfaces of
inorganic and organic components of solid wastes are examined. The properties of various …

Industrial waste water and sediment containing heavy metals causes many ecological and
health related problems. Many conventional methods were already being used to …