Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used to provide illumination in industrial and
commercial environments. LEDs are also used in TVs, computers, smart phones, and …

The mammalian visual system encodes information over a remarkable breadth of
spatiotemporal scales and light intensities. This performance originates with its complement …

Retinal neurodegenerative diseases like age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma,
diabetic retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa each have a different etiology and …

A variety of psychological and physical phenomena elicit variations in the diameter of pupil
of the eye. Changes in pupil size are mediated by the relative activation of the sphincter …

Background: Bright light therapy (BLT) has been used as a treatment for seasonal affective
disorder (SAD) for over 30 years. This meta-analysis was aimed to assess the efficacy of …

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly associated with the delayed sleep
phase disorder, a circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorder, which is prevalent in 73–78% of …

Background A number of environmental factors, such as air pollution, noise in urbanised
settings and meteorological-type variables, may give rise to important effects on human …

Light use is rising steeply, mainly because of the advent of light-emitting diode (LED)
devices. LEDs are frequently blue-enriched light sources and may have different impacts on …

The retina is the only part of the central nervous system that is exposed to light radiation
between 400 and 780 nm. Short wavelength light (SWL) ranging between 400 and 480 nm …

Disruption of circadian clocks is strongly associated with mood disorders. Chronotherapies
targeting circadian rhythms have been shown to be very effective treatments of mood …