The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life
for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that …

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying …

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is Earth's most abundant wild animal, and its enormous
biomass is vital to the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Here, we report a 48.01-Gb chromosome …

In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with
concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and …

The regular movements of waves and tides are obvious representations of the oceans'
rhythmicity. But the rhythms of marine life span across ecological niches and timescales …

Abstract Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at
least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes …

This bi‐polar analysis resolves ice edge changes on space/time scales relevant for
investigating seasonal ice‐ocean feedbacks and focuses on spatio‐temporal changes in the …

Background Massively parallel pyrosequencing of amplicons from the V6 hypervariable
regions of small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes is commonly used to assess …

Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and
familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest …