The ability of interferons (IFNs) to inhibit HIV-1 replication in cell culture models has long
been recognized, and the therapeutic administration of IFNα to HIV-1-infected patients who …

Host-pathogen interactions are fundamental to our understanding of infectious diseases.
Protein glycosylation is one kind of common post-translational modification, forming …

Type I interferons (IFN-I) have long been heralded as key contributors to effective antiviral
responses. More widely understood in the context of acute viral infection, the role of this …

Many species of African nonhuman primates are naturally infected with simian
immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) in the wild and in captivity. In contrast to HIV-infected …

Chronic immune activation, immunosuppression, and T cell exhaustion are hallmarks of HIV
infection, yet the mechanisms driving these processes are unclear. Chronic activation can …

Type 1 interferons (IFN-I) are potent innate antiviral effectors that constrain HIV-1
transmission. However, harnessing these cytokines for HIV-1 cure strategies has been …

Natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) is nonprogressive despite chronic virus
replication. Strikingly, it is characterized by low levels of immune activation, while …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in orchestrating host immunity against invading
pathogens, representing one of the first responders to infection by mucosal invaders. From …

Although type I interferon (IFN-I) is thought to be beneficial against microbial infections,
persistent viral infections are characterized by high interferon signatures suggesting that IFN …

Pathogenic HIV infections of humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections of
rhesus macaques are characterized by generalized immune activation and progressive …