It has long been hypothesized that conditioning mechanisms play major roles in addiction.
Specifically, the associations between rewarding properties of drugs of abuse and the drug …

Abstract Background and Aims Despite decades of research on co‐occurring smoking and
depression, cessation rates remain consistently lower for depressed smokers than for …

Background The relationship of health risk behavior and disease in adulthood to the breadth
of exposure to childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, and household dysfunction …

Background In May 2009, the WHO and the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention
and Health Promotion (CDC, Atlanta GA) met in Geneva, Switzerland, to begin a …

Background: The relationship of health risk behavior and disease in adulthood to the
breadth of exposure to childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, and household …

An increasing amount of research is beginning to offer a global overview of the extent of
violence against women. In this paper we discuss the magnitude of some of the most …

ContextIn recent years, smoking among adolescents has increased and the decline of adult
smoking has slowed to nearly a halt; new insights into tobacco dependency are needed to …

This transdisciplinary review of the literature addresses the questions, Do stress and
negative affect (NA) promote smoking? and Does smoking genuinely relieve stress and NA …

Background Smoking has been associated with a range of mental disorders including
schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and depression. People with mental illness have high rates …

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review was to examine the literature assessing the
relationship between prenatal exposure to nicotine, alcohol, caffeine, and psychosocial …