Sleep is crucial for healthy cognition, including memory. The two main phases of sleep, REM
(rapid eye movement) and non-REM sleep, are associated with characteristic …

Long-term memory formation is a major function of sleep. Based on evidence from
neurophysiological and behavioral studies mainly in humans and rodents, we consider the …

The proposed mechanisms of sleep-dependent memory consolidation involve the overnight
regulation of neural activity at both synaptic and whole-network levels. Now, there is a lack …

Brain activity during sleep is characterized by circuit-specific oscillations, including slow
waves, spindles and theta waves, which are nested in thalamocortical or hippocampal …

The accumulation of metabolic waste is a leading cause of numerous neurological
disorders, yet we still have only limited knowledge of how the brain performs self-cleansing …

Sleep exerts many effects on mammalian forebrain networks, including homeostatic effects
on both synaptic strengths and firing rates. We used large-scale recordings to examine the …

Consolidation of memory is believed to involve offline replay of neural activity. While amply
demonstrated in rodents, evidence for replay in humans, particularly regarding motor …

Hippocampal sharp-wave ripple (SWR) events occur during both behavior (awake SWRs)
and slow-wave sleep (sleep SWRs). Awake and sleep SWRs both contribute to spatial …

It is commonly accepted that brain plasticity occurs in wakefulness and sleep. However, how
these different brain states work in concert to create long-lasting changes in brain circuitry is …

Spindles are ubiquitous oscillations during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. A
growing body of evidence points to a possible link with learning and memory, and the …