To guarantee the reliability of the electric energy supply, it is necessary that the transmission
lines are operating without interruptions. To improve the identification of faults in the …

An Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer (ISPST) represents both electrically
connected and magnetically coupled circuits, which makes it unique compared to a power …

Traditional digital distance relaying scheme is used to protect the transmission lines against
various abnormal conditions/faults. In this article, the authors have discussed the adverse …

This article presents different phase shifting transformers (PSTs) types and their influence on
the transmitted active power and energy parameters. Typical PSTs, both symmetrical (SPST) …

This paper studies the performance of the distance relays for transmission lines equipped
with hexagonal phase-shifting transformers (PSTs). PSTs can effectively control the power …

With the increase in power demand and the increasing complexity of the power grid, the
operation of relay protection devices in substations is often unreasonable. Therefore, a …

With the increasing demand for electricity for various applications and purposes in any
country, it is required to coherently develop and equip the already existing infrastructure with …

With the continuous improvement of the operating efficiency of the electrical industry, there
will inevitably be misoperation. Therefore, the research on anti-misoperation technology of …

The grids changed from passive to active grids with Distributed Generation units (DG)
allowing the power flow in either direction. The main objectives of DG units are providing a …