Predator presence can create a “landscape of fear,” which is defined as the spatially explicit
distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by prey. Prey species can alter their behavior …

Human-wildlife interactions, poaching and illegal wildlife trade in particular, are among the
major threats to biodiversity around the world, causing species and population extinctions …

Background Mammals, globally, are facing population declines. Protecting and breeding
threatened populations inside predator-free havens and translocating them back to the wild …

Context Widespread globally, roads impact the distribution of wildlife by influencing habitat
use and avoidance patterns near roadways and disrupting movement across them. Wildlife …

Illegal harvest (poaching) is a geographically widespread threat to animal populations. Wire
snares are a common poaching technique used in the Global South and are indiscriminate …

Grouping behavior of social ungulates may depend on both predator occurrence and
perceived predation risk associated with habitat structure, reproductive state, and density of …

The spatial distribution of ungulate densities is determined by their decisions on habitat
selection, modulated by environmental characteristics and human activities. Poaching and …

Human disturbance, social interactions and habitat constraints usually influence the
behavior of wild ungulates. Poaching and habitat degradation are threats to the guanaco, a …

To increase conservation effectiveness in protected areas (PA) and restore biological and
cultural diversity, it becomes essential to integrate different knowledge systems. A useful …

Animals may greatly increase their fitness if they are well adapted to solve different
interspecific interactions–most notably interactions with predators and parasites, as survival …