Measurement of atomic force microscope cantilever spring constants (k) is essential for
many of the applications of this versatile instrument. Numerous techniques to measure k …

The atomic force microscope (AFM) has become integrated into standard characterisation
procedures in many different areas of research. Nonetheless, typical imaging rates of …

Protein–DNA interactions are involved in many biochemical pathways and determine the
fate of the corresponding cell. Qualitative and quantitative investigations on these …

This paper presents a set of formulae for estimating the beam position projected on a
quadrant detector (QD). Our new formulae are designed through a systematic procedure to …

In atomic force microscopy, cantilevers with a reflective coating are often used to reduce
optical shot noise for deflection detection. However, static AFM experiments can be limited …

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) encompasses a family of techniques that measure
surface topography and surface properties on the atomic scale. The number of papers …

The important characteristics of a detector for force spectroscopy measurements are
sensitivity, linearity and dynamic range. The commonly used two-segment detector that …

Electromechanical and mechanoelectrical transduction (MEM) by membranes are general
properties and that have probably been utilized by evolution in the design of sensors. To …

“Time is the Life of the Soul,” HW Longfellow wrote in Hyperion (Longfellow, 1839). With
regard to atomic force microscopy (AFM) in biology and medicine,“Time is the Soul of Life” …

Nowadays tools based on Scanning Probe Methods (SPM) have become indispensable in a
wide range of applications such as cell imaging and spectroscopy, profilometry, or surface …