Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), as a promising solution to mitigate environmental pollution
and reduce fuel consumption, employ a combination of fuel and electric power as power …

Energy management systems (EMSs), implemented in the electronic control unit (ECU) of an
actual vehicle with electrified powertrain, are a much simpler version of the theoretically …

It is proved that the use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) can not only effectively reduce
the content of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in diesel, but also reduce the entire range of toxic …

In this paper, an adaptive energy management system consisting of off-line and online parts
is presented to improve the energy efficiency of a parallel hybrid electric bus. The off-line …

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is one of the most promising products to solve the
problem about air pollution and energy crisis. Considering the characteristics of urban bus …

In this paper, when solving problems of non-equilibrium gas dynamics, the source terms
associated with the presence of physical and chemical transformations are taken into …

The parallel hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV's) superior performance relies on the associated
energy management strategy. This work intends to improve the performance of real-time …

Simulation of electric vehicles (EVs) over driving schedules within a fully dynamic EV
simulator requires battery models capable of accurately and quickly predicting state of …

Today, one of the main tasks of manufacturers of automobiles and mobile power tools is to
increase the efficiency of using motor fuels in internal combustion engines while reducing …

For the energy management, the energy conversion usually attracts focus of the researches
in the control strategy design of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), but the computational …