Obesity is often associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state affecting the entire
body. This sustained inflammatory state disrupts the coordinated communication between …

Microglia are highly dynamic cells that have been mainly studied under pathological
conditions. The present review discusses the possible implication of microglia as modulators …

Background IL-2 regulates T cell differentiation: low-dose IL-2 induces immunoregulatory
Treg differentiation, while high-dose IL-2 acts as a potent activator of cytotoxic T cells and …

Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic disorders such as obesity are implicated in the
development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The pathological buildup of lipids in microglia is …

Microglia are the macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), implying their role in
maintaining brain homeostasis. To achieve this, these cells are sensitive to a plethora of …

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) poses a significant health challenge, yet the
contribution of air pollutants to T2D epidemics remains under-studied. Several studies …

Despite the diverse nature of obesity, there is compelling genetic, clinical, and experimental
evidence that endorses the important contribution of brain circuits to this condition. The …

The regulatory effect of breastfeeding on offspring metabolism has garnered significant
attention as an effective strategy in combating childhood obesity. However, the underlying …

Metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes affect> 2 billion people worldwide,
yet there are currently no effective treatments to promote remission of disease. It is therefore …

Previous work has demonstrated that a high-fat diet (HFD) induces hypothalamic
inflammation and gliosis in rodents, and that people with obesity have hypothalamic gliosis …