Multiple mechanisms of tolerance are induced by oral antigen. Low doses favor active
suppression, whereas higher doses favor clonal anergy/deletion. Oral antigen induces T …

Effective defense against diverse types of micro-organisms that invade our body requires
specialized classes of antigen-specific immune responses initiated and maintained by …

The regulation of normal and allergic immune responses to airborne allergens in the
mucosa is still poorly understood, and the mechanism of specific immunotherapy (SIT) in …

Oral tolerance is a long recognized method to induce peripheral immune tolerance. Oral
tolerance has been used successfully to treat animal models of autoimmune diseases and is …

T regulatory (Tr) cells are essential for the induction of peripheral tolerance. Several types of
Tr cells exist, including CD4+ T cells which express CD25 constitutively and suppress …

Food allergy encompasses a range of disorders that result from adverse immune responses
to dietary antigens. This group of conditions includes acute, potentially fatal reactions, and a …

Abstract CD25+ CD4+ T cells are naturally occurring regulatory T cells that are anergic and
have suppressive properties. Although they can be isolated from the spleens of normal mice …

Oral tolerance is classically defined as the suppression of immune responses to antigens
(Ag) that have been administered previously by the oral route. Multiple mechanisms of …

PROBLEM: We aimed to investigate absolute counts of intracellular T helper 1 (Th1) and
Th2 cytokine expressing T‐cell subpopulations in women with three or more recurrent …

The importance of transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1) in immunoregulation and
tolerance has been increasingly recognized. It is now proposed that there are populations of …