Candida albicans is a commensal yeast fungus of the human oral, gastrointestinal, and
genital mucosal surfaces, and skin. Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, iatrogenic …

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as a commensal in the oral
cavity, gut or genital tract of most individuals, constrained by the local microbiota, epithelial …

The fungal infections are relatively common in humans that can range from common, mild
superficial infections to life-threatening invasive infections. Most of the pathogenic fungi are …

The immune response to Candida species is shaped by the commensal character of the
fungus. There is a crucial role for discerning between colonization and invasion at mucosal …

The body is host to a wide variety of microbial communities from which the immune system
protects us and that are important for the normal development of the immune system and for …

Fungi and mammals share a co-evolutionary history and are involved in a complex web of
interactions. Studies focused on commensal bacteria suggest that pathological changes in …

Kynurenine (KYN), a main metabolite of tryptophan in mammals, is a direct precursor of
kynurenic acid, anthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK). Under physiological …

The mammalian intestine is colonized by a wealth of microorganisms—including bacteria,
viruses, protozoa, and fungi—that are all integrated into a functional trans-kingdom …

Although a number of fungal species belonging to the genus C andida can cause acute
vulvovaginal infection (VVC), C andida albicans is by far the most prevalent etiological …

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a common cause of significant morbidity in
women in all strata of society affecting millions of women worldwide. Previously, RVVC …