Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a dominant pathogen in people with cystic fibrosis (CF)
contributing to morbidity and mortality. Its tremendous ability to adapt greatly facilitates its …

Multidrug resistant bacteria are a global threat for human and animal health. However, they
are only part of the problem of antibiotic failure. Another bacterial strategy that contributes to …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the six bacterial pathogens, Enterococcus faecium,
Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas …

In human pathophysiology, the clash between microbial infection and host immunity
contributes to multiple diseases. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a classical example of this …

Biofilms are surface-attached groups of microbial cells encased in an extracellular matrix
that are significantly less susceptible to antimicrobial agents than non-adherent, planktonic …

BACKGROUND The escalating crisis of multidrug resistance is raising fears of untreatable
infections caused by bacterial “superbugs.” However, many patients already suffer from …

Population-wide tolerance and persisters enable susceptible bacterial cells to endure
hostile environments, including antimicrobial exposure. The SOS response can play a …

Surface-associated microbial communities, called biofilms, are present in all environments.
Although biofilms play an important positive role in a variety of ecosystems, they also have …

The alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate (collectively
referred to as (p) ppGpp) are involved in regulating growth and several different stress …

Persisters are transiently tolerant variants that allow populations to avoid eradication by
antibiotic treatment. Their antibiotic tolerance is non-genetic, not inheritable and results from …