The primary function of the skin is to act as a barrier against insults from the environment,
and its unique structure reflects this. The skin is composed of two layers: the epidermal outer …

The body encloses a complex antioxidant defence grid that relies on endogenous enzymatic
and nonenzymatic antioxidants. These molecules collectively act against free radicals to …

The benevolent and detrimental effects of antioxidants are much debated in clinical trials
and cancer research. Several antioxidant enzymes and molecules are overexpressed in …

Photo-induced damage to proteins occurs via multiple pathways. Direct damage induced by
UVB (λ 280–320 nm) and UVA radiation (λ 320–400 nm) is limited to a small number of …

▪ Abstract Reactive oxygen intermediates are produced in all aerobic organisms during
respiration and exist in the cell in a balance with biochemical antioxidants. Excess reactive …

There is increasing evidence for the generation of reactive oxygen species in skin upon
ultraviolet exposure, but little is known about their pathophysiologic relevance in human skin …

The current available therapeutics face several challenges such as the development of ideal
drug delivery systems towards the goal of personalized treatments for patients benefit. The …

The premutagenic oxidative DNA base damage, 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, is induced in
human skin fibroblasts by monochromatic radiation ranging from a UVB wavelength (312 …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be both beneficial and deleterious. Under normal
physiological conditions, ROS production is tightly regulated, and ROS participate in both …

purpose. The lipofuscin fluorophore A2E is known to be an initiator of blue-light-induced
apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). The purpose of this study was to evaluate …