Musculoskeletal disorders represent a major cause of disability and morbidity globally and
result in enormous costs for health and social care systems. Development of cell-based …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a complicated process that involves both age-
related change and tissue damage caused by multiple stresses. In a degenerative IVD …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to intervertebral
disc degeneration (IDD), which underlies many spine-related disorders. Matrix …

Degeneration of the intervertebral discs, a process characterized by a cascade of cellular,
biochemical, structural and functional changes, is strongly implicated as a cause of low back …

Low back pain (LBP), frequently associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a
major public health concern. LBP is currently managed by pharmacological treatments and …

The pathophysiology of intervertebral disc degeneration has been extensively studied.
Various factors have been suggested as influencing its aetiology, including mechanical …

Study Design. A review of the literature on macromechanical factors that accelerate disc
degeneration with particular focus on distinguishing the roles of immobilization and …

Loading is important to maintain the balance of matrix turnover in the intervertebral disc
(IVD). Daily cyclic diurnal assists in the transport of large soluble factors across the IVD and …

Mechanical loading of the intervertebral disc may contribute to disc degeneration by
initiating degeneration or by regulating cell-mediated remodeling events that occur in …

Low back pain (LBP) is often associated with the degeneration of human intervertebral discs
(IVDs). However, the pain-inducing mechanism in degenerating discs remains to be …