Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals
alter biological diversity and crop production worldwide. Therefore, it is important to know …

Abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, salinity, low temperature, and heavy metals, inhibit
plant growth and reduce crop productivity. Abiotic stresses are becoming increasingly …

Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis
regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions …

Crop yield loss due to soil salinization is an increasing threat to agriculture worldwide. Salt
stress drastically affects the growth, development, and grain productivity of rice (Oryza sativa …

Global warming is the major cause of abiotic and biotic stresses that reduce plant growth
and productivity. Various stresses such as drought, low temperature, pathogen attack, high …

Plants being sessile entities are often subjected to varied environmental stresses. They have
developed an alternative defense mechanism that involves a vast variety of secondary …

Soil salinization inhibits plant growth and seriously restricts food security and agricultural
development. Excessive salt can cause ionic stress, osmotic stress, and ultimately oxidative …

Flavonoids are specialized metabolites largely widespread in plants where they play
numerous roles including defense and signaling under stress conditions. These compounds …

Physio-biochemical responses of pistachio varieties including Pistacia vera
L.'Ghazvini'(GH), P. vera 'Ghermez-Pesteh'(GP) and P. atlantica subsp. mutica (M) were …

Secondary metabolites are gaining an increasing importance in various industries, such as
pharmaceuticals, dyes, and food, as is the need for reliable and efficient methods of …