The number of infants infected with HIV is declining with the rise in interventions for the
elimination of paediatric HIV infection, but the number of uninfected infants exposed to HIV …

The concept of immunological memory stipulates that past exposures shape present
immune function. These exposures include not only specific antigens impacting adaptive …

Background: No randomized trial has directly compared the efficacy of prolonged infant
antiretroviral prophylaxis versus maternal antiretroviral therapy (mART) for prevention of …

Most infants born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected women escape HIV
infection. Infants evade infection despite an immature immune system and, in the case of …

Background Breastfeeding is a critical component of interventions to reduce child mortality.
Exclusive breastfeeding practice is extremely low in South Africa and there has been no …

Background In resource-limited settings where no safe alternative to breastfeeding exists,
WHO recommends that antiretroviral prophylaxis be given to either HIV-infected mothers or …

Background Early growth of HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) children is poorer than that of
their HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) counterparts but there is little longitudinal or longer …

HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants experience increased overall mortality from infectious
causes when compared to HIV-unexposed uninfected (HU) infants. This is the case in both …

Background Optimized preventive strategies are needed to reach the objective of
eliminating pediatric AIDS. This study aimed to define the determinants of residual HIV …

Objective With increasing maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART), the number of children
newly infected with HIV has declined. However, the possible increased mortality in the large …