Transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine, secreted by immune and
nonhematopoietic cells. TGF-β is involved in many different critical processes, such as …

Transcription factors act in concert to induce lineage commitment towards Th1, Th2, or T
regulatory (Treg) cells, and their counter-regulatory mechanisms were shown to be critical …

Introduction: The incidence of melanoma continues to rise, and prognosis in patients with
metastatic melanoma remains poor. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) serves …

In eukaryotic cells, most mRNAs are exported from the nucleus by the transcription export
(TREX) complex, which is loaded onto mRNAs after their splicing and capping. We have …

Background: In this study, we selected several candidate miRNAs to study their possible
relationships with tuberculosis. Results: The expression of hsa_circ_0003528 was …

Growing evidence is unveiling a role for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 in the
regulation of inflammatory/immune responses. In the current study, we investigated the …

The aim of the present study was to investigate the overall clinical expression characteristics
of the cluster of differentiation (CD) 28 family receptors [CD28, inducible T-cell co-stimulator …

Anti CTLA-4 therapy is aimed at blocking the Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a
key cancer immunity cycle checkpoint. The mechanism of action of CTLA-4 may be …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis. The risk of the
disease is dependent on complex interactions between host genetics and environmental …

The CTLA4 protein downmodulates and terminates immune responses by sending inhibitory
signals to activated T cells. In this study, six main single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the …