Conservation of heritage buildings presents a significant approach to cultural identity and
continuity. In this regard, previous literature has focused on architectural heritage. However …

In the 21st century, global energy security is a critical concern. Buildings contribute to over
40% of the worldwide energy consumption, primarily due to heating and cooling, resulting in …

Occupants' health is closely related to indoor environmental quality. The vast stock of
vernacular houses, which were designed according to historical weather features, may be …

Recently, urban regions are experiencing prolonged heat exposure due to climate change
and increased population expansion. Physiological, psychological and behavioural …

Due to the chronic shortage of energy-related analytical data and disintegration of building
energy regulations, numerous existing residential buildings in Petra (Jordan) and many …

Introduction Hybrid ventilation systems present a promising solution for reducing cooling
energy consumption in buildings, particularly in hot climates. However, while existing …

Reducing energy and associated greenhouse gas emissions in buildings is one of the key
aspects of climate change on a global level. To put the building sector on a low carbon …

Malta, as a member of the European Union (EU), has pledged to become carbon neutral by
the year 2050. Concurrently, the need for thermal comfort for people within places of worship …

Retrofitting “nearly-zero energy” heritage buildings has always been controversial, due to
the usual association of the “nearly-zero energy” target with high energy performance and …

The building sector, which is responsible for a significant amount of total global energy
consumption, provides substantial opportunities for energy efficiency studies. In the context …