Much evidence shows that physical exercise (PE) is a strong gene modulator that induces
structural and functional changes in the brain, determining enormous benefit on both …

Dementia is one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st
century. Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is by no means an …

Depending on the species, microglial cells represent 5–20% of glial cells in the adult brain.
As the innate immune effector of the brain, microglia are involved in several functions …

Emerging evidence indicates that moderate intensity aerobic exercise is positively
correlated with cognitive function and memory. However, the exact mechanisms underlying …

As human life expectancy increases, cognitive decline and memory impairment threaten
independence and quality of life. Therefore, finding prevention and treatment strategies for …

Polyamines, spermidine and spermine, are synthesized in every living cell and are therefore
contained in foods, especially in those that are thought to contribute to health and longevity …

Exercise and physical activity induces physiological responses in organisms, and
adaptations in skeletal muscle, which is beneficial for maintaining health and preventing …

Exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on brain functions in humans and
animals. Exercise can improve memory and learning in age-related neurodegenerative …

Recent investigations have revealed that changes in DNA methylation status play an
important role in aging-associated pathologies and lifespan. The methylation of DNA is …

Epigenetics refers to the study of mechanisms controlling the chromatin structure, which has
fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression and genome stability. Epigenetic …