Shot noise, originating from the discrete nature of electric charge, is generated by scattering
processes. Shot-noise measurements have revealed microscopic charge dynamics in …

The integer quantised conductance of one-dimensional electron systems is a well-
understood effect of quantum confinement. A number of fractionally quantised plateaus are …

Quantum point contacts are narrow, one-dimensional constrictions usually patterned in a
two-dimensional electron system, for example by applying voltages to local gates. The linear …

A quantum point contact (QPC) is a narrow constriction between two wider electron
reservoirs, and is the standard building block of sub-micrometre devices such as quantum …

In contrast to the well-known Fermi-liquid theory of three dimensions, interacting one-
dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional systems of fermions are described at low energy by …

The demonstration of quantized spin splitting by Stern and Gerlach is one of the most
important experiments in modern physics. Their discovery was the precursor of recent …

We report on direct measurements of the electronic shot noise of a quantum point contact at
frequencies ν in the range 4–8 GHz. The very small energy scale used ensures energy …

One-dimensional ballistic transport is demonstrated for a high-mobility InAs nanowire
device. Unlike conventional quantum point contacts (QPCs) created in a two-dimensional …

The authors employ a cryogenic high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) amplifier to
increase the bandwidth of a charge detection setup with a quantum point contact (QPC) …

Generating highly spin-polarized currents at the nanoscale is essential for spin current
manipulations and spintronic applications. We find indications for up to 100% spin-polarized …