The many plant-specific phenylpropanoid branch pathways and the corresponding
functional diversity of their products have long attracted attention in plant physiology, as has …

The shikimate pathway provides carbon skeletons for the aromatic amino acids l-tryptophan,
l-phenylalanine, and l-tyrosine. It is a high flux bearing pathway and it has been estimated …

Lignin is a polymer of aromatic subunits usually derived from phenylalanine. It serves as a
matrix around the polysaccharide components of some plant cell walls, providing additional …

Infection of plants with pathogens like viruses or fungi often leads to a response of the host
ranging from very mild to very severe. A very mild response usually does not result in …

Lignin, a complex heteropolymer of cinnamyl alcohols, is, second to cellulose, the most
abundant biopolymer on Earth. Lignification has played a determining role in the adaptation …

Publisher Summary Plants are equipped with a wide array of constitutive deterrents that
include both toxic chemicals and mechanical barriers. In addition to these, there is a …

Phenolic secondary metabolites are only produced by plants wherein they play important
roles in both biotic and abiotic defense in seed plants as well as being potentially important …

Coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (4CL; EC 6.2. 1.12) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid
metabolic pathways for monolignol and flavonoid biosynthesis. 4CL has been much studied …

Plant polyphenols have been the subject of several recent scientific investigations since
many of the molecules in this class have been found to be highly active in the human body …

The current state of knowledge about virus-induced PR proteins and their corresponding
genes is reviewed under the headings: induction of PR proteins; PR-1 proteins; glucanases …