Metabolomics uses advanced analytical chemistry techniques to enable the high-throughput
characterization of metabolites from cells, organs, tissues, or biofluids. The rapid growth in …

Advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota contributes to human health and
diseases have expanded our insight into how microbial composition and function affect the …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of renal function. The gradual decline in
kidney function leads to an accumulation of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys, resulting …

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a molecule generated from choline, betaine, and
carnitine via gut microbial metabolism. The plasma level of TMAO is determined by several …

Numerous studies have indicated that the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is strictly associated with the accumulation of toxic …

Significant interest in recent years has focused on gut microbiota–host interaction because
accumulating evidence has revealed that intestinal microbiota play an important role in …

Due to numerous links between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and various disorders and
diseases, this topic is very popular and is often taken up by researchers. TMAO is a low …

Gut microbiota produce Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) by metabolizing dietary
phosphatidylcholine, choline, l-carnitine and betaine. TMAO is implicated in the …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in
developed countries, and atherosclerosis (AS) is the common pathological basis of many …

Background Gut microbial metabolites have been implicated as novel risk factors for
cardiovascular events and premature death. The strength and consistency of associations …