The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic platform for exchange of substances between
the blood and the brain parenchyma, and it is an essential functional gatekeeper for the …

Hypoxic-ischemic and traumatic brain injuries are leading causes of long-term mortality and
disability in infants and children. Although several preclinical models using rodents of …

The IL-1 family of cytokines are well-known for their primary role in initiating inflammatory
responses both in response to and acting as danger signals. It has long been established …

Background Epilepsy is a common and debilitating consequence of traumatic brain injury
(TBI). Seizures contribute to progressive neurodegeneration and poor functional and …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by the brain capillary endothelium and excludes
from the brain∼ 100% of large-molecule neurotherapeutics and more than 98% of all small …

Brain injury induces a peripheral acute cytokine response that directs the transmigration of
leukocytes into the brain. Because this brain-to-peripheral immune communication affects …

Leukocyte migration into and through tissues is fundamental to normal physiology,
immunopathology and host defence. Leukocyte entry into the central nervous system (CNS) …

Interleukin-1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has numerous biological effects, including
activation of many inflammatory processes (through activation of T cells, for example) …

This review recounts the definitions and research evidence supporting the multifaceted roles
of neuroinflammation in the injured brain following trauma. We summarise the literature …

The contribution of inflammation to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as
Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion diseases is poorly understood. Brain inflammation in …