The chemokines (or chemotactic cytokines) are a large family of small, secreted proteins that
signal through cell surface G protein‐coupled heptahelical chemokine receptors. They are …

The two β-arrestins, β-arrestin-1 and-2 (systematic names: arrestin-2 and-3, respectively),
are multifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate the activity of a very large number of …

Both CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) are
activated by the chemokine CXCL12 yet evoke distinct cellular responses. CXCR4 is a …

The chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and 7 (CXCR7) are G-protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) activated through their shared ligand CXCL12 in multiple human cancers. They …

Endogenous opioid peptides and prescription opioid drugs modulate pain, anxiety and
stress by activating opioid receptors, currently classified into four subtypes. Here we …

Elevated expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3 and of their cognate
ligand CXCL12 is detected in a wide range of tumors and the tumor microenvironment …

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) recruit β-arrestins to coordinate diverse cellular
processes, but the structural dynamics driving this process are poorly understood. Atypical …

G protein-coupled receptors are a major class of membrane receptors that mediate
physiological and pathophysiological cellular signaling. Many aspects of receptor activation …

The chemokine receptor CXCR7, also known as ACKR3, is a seven-transmembrane G-
protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in various pathologies such as neurological …

Protein footprinting coupled with mass spectrometry is being increasingly used for the study
of protein interactions and conformations. The hydroxyl radical footprinting method, fast …