Polarization, the path traced by light's electric field vector, appears in all areas of optics. In
recent decades, various technologies have enabled the precise control of light's polarization …

This review examines surface alignment of liquid crystals by exposure to light. Two distinct
effects are discussed: illumination with polarized light induces a surface anisotropy to an …

The review describes the status of the studies and the recent achievements in the field of
photoalignment of liquid crystals. An update classification of photoaligning materials and …

Unlike electronics, optics do not follow Moore's law. This statement, expressed by Microsoft's
Bernard Kress, refers to the hard challenges to solve in augmented reality hardware. While …

Alignment methods of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) by surface photoreactions on substrate
surfaces were initially proposed around 1990, and the photoalignment technology of …

Publisher Summary Liquid crystals have found wide commercial application over the past 25–
30 years in electro-optical flat panel display (FPD) devices for consumer audiovisual and …

A surface anisotropy has been shown previously to be induced in thin films of photoreactive
coumarin side-chain polymers by polarized UV illumination. Consequently, the resultant …

Unidirectional liquid-crystal (LC) alignment by a linearly polarized ultraviolet light (UV)
exposure was examined using two types of polyimide (PI). PI with a fluorene unit …

We describe a new aligning technique that yields uniform planar or tilted orientation of a
nematic liquid crystal at different organic and inorganic substrates. The method is based on …

Photoresponsive azobenzene‐containing systems ranging from molecular to macroscopic
material levels have greatly been increasing their significance in materials chemistry. This …