Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one
important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by …

Pollution of plants by heavy metals is a critical health issue because metals can be
transmitted to animals and humans. Heavy metal exposure induces an oxidative stress in …

In the last decades, the pollution of the soil environment with heavy metals poses a
significant threat to both rural and urban areas. The effort to find the proper methods for soil …

Copper is an essential metal for plants. It plays key roles in photosynthetic and respiratory
electron transport chains, in ethylene sensing, cell wall metabolism, oxidative stress …

Indiscriminate release of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) into the environment due to
anthropogenic activities has become a serious threat to the ecological system including …

Plants are under the continual threat of changing climatic conditions that are associated with
various types of abiotic stresses. In particular, heavy metal contamination is a major …

The most crucial function of plant cell is to respond against stress induced for self-defence.
This defence is brought about by alteration in the pattern of gene expression: qualitative and …

The maintenance of ion homeostasis in plant cells is a fundamental physiological
requirement for sustainable plant growth, development and production. Plants exposed to …

The accumulation of anthropogenic heavy metals in soil is a major form of pollution. Such
potentially toxic elements are nonbiodegradable and persist for many years as threats to …

Modulation of plant proteome composition is an inevitable process to cope with the
environmental challenges including heavy metal (HM) stress. Soil and water contaminated …