Osteopontin (OPN) also known by its official gene designation secreted phosphoprotein‐1
(SPP1) is a fascinating, multifunctional protein expressed in a number of cell types that …

Integrins are a large family of extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors. In the developing and
adult brain, many integrins are present at high levels at synapses. The tetrapartite structure …

Synaptic plasticity, a change in the efficacy of synaptic signaling, is a key property of
synaptic communication that is vital to many brain functions. Hebbian forms of long-lasting …

Integrins are extracellular matrix receptors that mediate biochemical and mechanical bi‐
directional signals between the extracellular and intracellular environment of a cell thanks to …

During central nervous system development, extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors and their
ligands play key roles as guidance molecules, informing neurons where and when to send …

At synapses, pre-and post-synaptic cells get in direct contact with each other via cell
adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several CAMs have been identified at the neuromuscular …

Many mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affect a single allele, indicating a key
role for gene dosage in ASD susceptibility. Recently, haplo-insufficiency of ITGB3, the gene …

Background Cue-induced relapse to drug use is a primary symptom of cocaine addiction.
Cue-induced transient excitatory synaptic potentiation (t-SP) induced in the nucleus …

For many decades, synaptic plasticity was believed to be restricted to excitatory
transmission. However, in recent years, this view started to change, and now it is recognized …

Neural networks are modified and reorganized throughout life, even in the matured brain.
Synapses in the networks form, change, or disappear dynamically in the plasticity state. The …