Adenosine is a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid whose effects are triggered through the
enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Due to the rapid …

Cellular stress or apoptosis triggers the release of ATP, ADP and other nucleotides into the
extracellular space. Extracellular nucleotides function as autocrine and paracrine signalling …

Adenosine receptors (ARs) comprise a group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) which
mediate the physiological actions of adenosine. To date, four AR subtypes have been …

Extracellular purines (adenosine, ADP, and ATP) and pyrimidines (UDP and UTP) are
important signaling molecules that mediate diverse biological effects via cellsurface …

Four adenosine receptors have been cloned and characterized from several mammalian
species. The receptors are named adenosine A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. The A2A and A2B …

This review article provides a historical perspective on the role of purinergic signalling in the
regulation of various subsets of immune cells from early discoveries to current …

Adenosine receptors are major targets of caffeine, the most commonly consumed drug in the
world. There is growing evidence that they could also be promising therapeutic targets in a …

Adenosine is involved in a range of physiological and pathological effects through
membrane-bound receptors linked to G proteins. There are four subtypes of adenosine …

Although inflammatory and immunological reactions protect the host from invasion by
microorganisms and eliminate debris at sites of tissue injury, they can also be responsible …

“Receptors recognize a distinct chemical entity and translate information from that entity into
a form that the cell can read to alter its state”(Kenakin et al., 1992). Even though the …