Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells, both constitutively and after cell
activation, and are present in different types of biological fluid. Exosomes are involved in the …

With a diverse set of neuronal and glial cell populations, Central Nervous System (CNS) has
one of the most complex structures in the body. Intercellular communication is therefore …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of
varied circulating macromolecules from the blood-facing surface into the brain parenchyma …

Microglia (MG) play a crucial role as the predominant myeloid cells in the central nervous
system and are commonly activated in multiple sclerosis. They perform essential functions …

Ischemic stroke is a disease caused by insufficient blood and oxygen supply to the brain,
which is mainly due to intracranial arterial stenosis and middle cerebral artery occlusion …

Simple Summary Exosomes are biological nanoparticles recently recognized as intercellular
messengers. They contain a cargo of lipids, proteins, and RNA. They can transfer their …

Developing effective disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs)
requires reliable diagnostic, disease activity, and progression indicators. While desirable …

Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles released from different cell types including
those in the nervous system, and are enriched in a variety of bioactive molecules such as …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), once considered a pathway for cells to remove waste, have now
emerged as an important mechanism for intercellular communication. EVs are particularly …

Background Exosomes can activate microglia to modulate neural activity and synaptic
plasticity by phagocytosis of neural spines or synapses. Our previous research found that an …