Key message This review summarizes the allelic series, effects, interactions between genes
and with the environment, for the major flowering time genes that drive phenological …

Key message Improved knowledge about plant cold stress tolerance offered by modern
omics technologies will greatly inform future crop improvement strategies that aim to breed …

Transcriptional activation of the VERNALIZATION1 gene mediates the acceleration of
flowering by prolonged cold (vernalization) in temperate cereals. This study examined the …

Identifying stable, high-yielding genotypes is essential for food security. This is particularly
relevant in the current climate change scenario, which results in increasing occurrence of …

Barley landraces from the western M editerranean area have not been thoroughly exploited
by modern breeding. This study aims at assessing the agronomic value of a core collection …

Genetic variation is crucial for successful barley improvement. Genomic technologies are
improving dramatically and are providing access to the genetic diversity within this important …

Advances in plant breeding through marker-assisted selection (MAS) are only possible
when genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can contribute to the improvement of elite …

In barley, three genes are responsible for the vernalization requirement: VrnH1, VrnH2 and
VrnH3. The winter growth habit of barley requires the presence of a recessive VrnH1 allele …

Low temperature induces expression of Cor (cold-responsive)/Lea (late embryogenesis-
abundant) gene family members through C-repeat binding factor (CBF) transcription factors …

Flowering time, vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity and low temperature
tolerance are key traits in the Triticeae. We characterized a set of isogenic genetic stocks …