As a family of cationic host defense peptides, defensins are mainly synthesized by Paneth
cells, neutrophils, and epithelial cells, contributing to host defense. Their biological functions …

There is a growing interest in the complex role of host defense peptides (HDPs) in the
pathophysiology of several immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. The physicochemical …

Respiratory infections are a major clinical problem, and treatment is increasingly
complicated by the emergence of microbial antibiotic resistance. Development of new …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global
mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase …

Representing severe morbidity and mortality globally, respiratory infections associated with
chronic respiratory diseases, including complicated pneumonia, asthma, interstitial lung …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, socially significant disease
characterized by progressive airflow limitation due to chronic inflammation in the bronchi …

It is well established that exposure to cigarette smoke (CS), through active smoking and
through exposure to secondhand smoke, has immunosuppressive effects, yet how this might …

Background Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) plays a critical role in the process of
inflammation and innate immunity response under environmental stress. Objectives This …

Rationale Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complicated chronic
inflammatory disease. It is important to investigate the characteristics of acute exacerbation …

Background The damaging effects of cigarette smoke on the lungs are well known in terms
of cancer risks. Additional molecular changes within the lung tissue can also occur as a …