Tumours display an astonishing variation in the spatial distribution, composition and
activation state of immune cells, which impacts their progression and response to …

Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Antagonistic antibodies targeting the inhibitory immune-checkpoint receptor PD-1 or its
ligand PD-L1 are used to treat a wide range of cancer types and can substantially improve …

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Major histocompatibility class I (MHC I) molecules bind peptides derived from a cell's
expressed genes and then transport and display this antigenic information on the cell …

Abstract Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on cancer cells engages with programmed
cell death-1 (PD-1) on immune cells, contributing to cancer immune escape. For multiple …

Epigenetic mechanisms play vital roles not only in cancer initiation and progression, but also
in the activation, differentiation and effector function (s) of immune cells. In this review, we …

The majority of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ERα) and agents targeting this
pathway represent the main treatment modality. Endocrine therapy has proven successful in …

Dysregulation of the epigenome drives aberrant transcriptional programmes that promote
cancer onset and progression. Although defective gene regulation often affects oncogenic …

The role of genetic and epigenetic factors in tumor initiation and progression is well
documented. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone methyl transferases (HMTs), and DNA …