SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of life-threatening diarrheal
disease around the world. The major aspects of ETEC virulence are colonization of the small …

We report here cryoelectron microscopy reconstructions of type IV pili (T4P) from two
important human pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, at∼ 8 …

Type IV pili are hair-like bacterial surface appendages that play a role in diverse processes
such as cellular adhesion, colonization, twitching motility, biofilm formation, and horizontal …

SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are retractable multifunctional nanofibers present on the
surface of numerous bacterial and archaeal species. Their importance to microbiology is …

Type IV pili are flexible filaments on the surface of bacteria, consisting of a helical assembly
of pilin proteins. They are involved in bacterial motility (twitching), surface adhesion, biofilm …

Type IV pili are produced by many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria and are important for
processes as diverse as twitching motility, biofilm formation, cellular adhesion, and …

Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most common fungi found in the environment. It is an
opportunistic human pathogen causing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with a high …

Colonization of the host intestine is the most important step in Vibrio cholerae infection. The
toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP), an operon-encoded type IVb pilus (T4bP), plays a crucial role …

Virulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Vibrio cholerae cause the diarrheal disease
cholera by releasing cholera toxin into the small intestine. V. cholerae acquired its cholera …