The present review of fluid therapy studies using balanced solutions versus isotonic saline
fluids (both crystalloids and colloids) aims to address recent controversy in this topic. The …

Objective: To review the salient aspects and latest advances in the management of the
postoperative pediatric cardiac patient. Data Source: A Medline-based literature source …

The correct identification of the cause, and ideally the individual acid, responsible for
metabolic acidosis in the critically ill ensures rational management. In Part 2 of this review …

Introduction Cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass is known to induce
distinct metabolic changes. Respective changes in acid-base status including increased …

Objective: Metabolic acidosis is common in septic shock, yet few data exist on its etiological
temporal profile during resuscitation; this is partly due to limitations in bedside monitoring …

Background Metabolic acidosis is frequently observed in perioperative patients, especially
those who undergo major surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors related …

Background: Standard base excess (SBE) is an important parameter for guiding fluid
management in postoperative metabolic acidosis. However, individual SBE components …

Objective To explore the relationship between lactate: pyruvate ratio, hyperlactataemia,
metabolic acidosis, and morbidity. Design and setting Prospective observational study in the …

Purpose The recommended method for elucidating the effects of strong ions other than
lactate on acid–base balance is to calculate the non-lactate strong ion difference (SIDnl). A …

BACKGROUND The base excess gap (BE gap) method is commonly used for the
quantification of unmeasured ions in critically ill patients. However, it has never been …