New Findings What is the topic of this review? We review sex differences within
physiological systems implicated in exercise performance; specifically, how they integrate to …

Nuzzo, JL. Narrative review of sex differences in muscle strength, endurance, activation,
size, fiber type, and strength training participation rates, preferences, motivations, injuries …

Sustained physical exercise leads to a reduced capacity to produce voluntary force that
typically outlasts the exercise bout. This “fatigue” can be due both to impaired muscle …

Sex‐related differences in physiology and anatomy are responsible for profound differences
in neuromuscular performance and fatigability between men and women. Women are …

Performance fatigability differs between men and women for a range of fatiguing tasks.
Women are usually less fatigable than men and this is most widely described for isometric …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? Women are usually less fatigable than men
for isometric fatiguing contractions of similar intensity, but whether this occurs for dynamic …

Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex
differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones …

Performance fatigability is characterized as an acute decline in motor performance caused
by an exercise-induced reduction in force or power of the involved muscles. Multiple …

This review aims to characterize fatigue-related changes in corticospinal excitability and
inhibition in healthy subjects. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been extensively …

Sex as a biological variable is an underappreciated aspect of biomedical research, with its
importance emerging in more recent years. This review assesses the current understanding …