Produced water is the wastewater formed when water is brought from subsurface reservoirs
during oil or gas extraction. Currently, produced water is mainly treated using conventional …

Heavy metals in industrial wastewater are hazardous, not easily biodegradable, and can be
enriched in the food chain. This will lead to serious global environmental problems …

Oily wastewater consists of fats, oils and greases together with a broad spectrum of
dissolved organic and/or inorganic substances in suspension. It is regarded as one of the …

The development of anthropogenic activities has led to an excessive disposal of wastes into
water bodies, thus reducing water quality and damaging aquatic ecosystems. To avoid the …

Petroleum industry is one of the fastest growing industries, and it significantly contributes to
economic growth in developing countries like India. The wastewater from a petroleum …

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) are one of the most widespread and heterogeneous
organic contaminants affecting marine ecosystems. The contamination of marine sediments …

Microbial metabolites are of huge biotechnological potential and their production can be
coupled with detoxification of environmental pollutants and wastewater treatment mediated …

This paper presents a brief account of different technologies used for the treatment of
petroleum refinery effluents (PRE). Broadly, PRE treatment is accomplished in two stages …

Though several in-situ treatment methods exist to remediate polluted sites, selecting an
appropriate site-specific remediation technology is challenging and is critical for successful …

One of the complex environmental problems that triggers at present is oily wastewater
contamination arising out of the activities related to engineering vehicular (automobile) …