Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the
global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes …

The iron and steel industry is the largest coal consumer and the most greenhouse gas
intensive industry. It consumes about 7% of global energy supply, and conservative …

This review focuses on the reduction of iron oxides using hydrogen as a reducing agent.
Due to increasing requirements from environmental issues, a change of process concepts in …

Steel is the most important material class in terms of volume and environmental impact.
While it is a sustainability enabler, for instance through lightweight design, magnetic …

A clean energy revolution is occurring across the world. As iron and steelmaking have a
tremendous impact on the amount of CO2 emissions, there is an increasing attraction …

The global warming promotes the steel industry to replace part of coke by injecting hydrogen-
rich fuel into the blast furnace to reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumption. In this …

Hydrogen ironmaking is the most ideal approach to reduce industrial carbon emissions. In
this study, the isothermal reaction characteristics and multistep kinetics of hematite particles …

Hydrogen (H 2) energy is a promising candidate to replace carbon monoxide (CO) as a
reductant for iron oxide reduction in revolutionary ironmaking industrial processes, and …

Heterogeneous Fe3O4 and Fe composites are highly desirable for microwave absorption
application because of their complementary electromagnetic (EM) properties. With three …

Hydrogen (H 2) can be co-injected into the tuyere and shaft into a blast furnace (BF) for
reducing CO 2 emissions. However, the feasible co-injection schemes and their effects on in …