Abstract The RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascade is a well-characterized MAPK pathway
involved in cell proliferation and survival. The three-layered MAPK signaling cascade is …

Abstract Disruption of Akt and Erk-mediated signal transduction significantly contributes in
the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Parkinson's …

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases comprise a family of ubiquitous proline-directed,
protein-serine/threonine kinases, which participate in signal transduction pathways that …

The transmission of extracellular signals into their intracellular targets is mediated by a
network of interacting proteins that regulate a large number of cellular processes …

Widmann, Christian, Spencer Gibson, Matthew B. Jarpe, and Gary L. Johnson. Mitogen-
Activated Protein Kinase: Conservation of a Three-Kinase Module From Yeast to Human …

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade is a central signaling
pathway that regulates a wide variety of stimulated cellular processes, including mainly …

Sequential activation of kinases within the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (MAPK)
cascades is a common, and evolutionary-conserved mechanism of signal transduction. Four …

The reversible phosphorylation of proteins is central to the regulation of most aspects of cell
function but, even after the first protein kinase was identified, the general significance of this …

Cells are continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stresses and have to decide 'to
be or not to be'depending on the types and strength of stress. Among the many signaling …

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade is a central pathway that transmits
signals from many extracellular agents to regulate cellular processes such as proliferation …