Understanding how and why phenotypic traits covary is a major interest in evolutionary
biology. Biologists have long sought to characterize the extent of morphological integration …

Reindeer herding probably developed during the Late Iron Age onwards and is still an
important part of the subsistence and culture of many peoples in northern Eurasia. However …

For centuries, reindeer herding has been an integral part of the subsistence and culture
among the Sámi of northern Fennoscandia. Despite the importance of this husbandry in their …

Macroevolution is integral to understanding the patterns of the diversification of life. As the
life sciences increasingly use big data approaches, large multivariate datasets are required …

Anolis lizards originated in continental America but have colonized the Greater Antillean
islands and recolonized the mainland, resulting in three major groups (Primary and …

The potential of artificial selection to dramatically impact phenotypic diversity is well known.
Large-scale morphological changes in domestic species, emerging over short timescales …

Background Hybridization has been widely practiced in plant and animal breeding as a
means to enhance the quality and fitness of the organisms. In domestic equids, this hybrid …

The microstructural features of the tissue of long bones subjected to different biomechanical
stresses could be a helpful tool for a better understanding of locomotor behavior in extant …

The appendicular skeleton of tetrapods is a particularly integrated structure due to the
shared developmental origin or similar functional constraints exerted on its elements …

Despite the considerable scientific interest in the variability and patterns of integration in the
dog skull, how these patterns impact or are driven by function remains largely unexplored …