The proper functioning of the cell depends on preserving the cellular genome. In yeast cells,
a limited number of genes are located on mitochondrial DNA. Although the mechanisms …

Aging is a complex and multifaceted process involving a variety of interrelated molecular
mechanisms and cellular systems. Phenotypically, the biological aging process is …

It has been hypothesized that mitochondria evolved from a bacterial ancestor that initially
became established in an archaeal host cell as an endosymbiont. Here we model this first …

ATP is the most universal and essential energy molecule in cells. This is due to its ability to
store cellular energy in form of high‐energy phosphate bonds, which are extremely stable …

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are central to crucial cellular processes in plants and
contribute to a whole range of metabolic pathways. The use of calcium ions as a secondary …

Adenine nucleotides are essential in countless processes within the cellular metabolism. In
plants, ATP is mainly produced in chloroplasts and mitochondria through …

Moderate heat shock increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that led to cell
death in glucose-grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Conditions that disturb …

The function of mitochondria depends on the import of proteins, which are synthesized as
precursors on cytosolic ribosomes. The majority of the precursor proteins are sorted into the …

In eukaryotes, cellular energy in the form of ATP is produced in the cytosol via glycolysis or
in the mitochondria via oxidative phosphorylation and, in photosynthetic organisms, in the …

The majority of mitochondrial proteins are synthesized with amino-terminal signal
sequences. The presequence translocase of the inner membrane (TIM23 complex) …