Planets form and obtain their compositions in disks of gas and dust around young stars. The
chemical compositions of these planet-forming disks regulate all aspects of planetary …

Planets form in disks of gas and dust around young stars. The disk molecular reservoirs and
their chemical evolution affect all aspects of planet formation, from the coagulation of dust …

Transition disks with large inner dust cavities are thought to host massive companions.
However, the disk structure inside the companion orbit and how material flows toward an …

We propose a set of standard assumptions for the modelling of Class II and III protoplanetary
disks, which includes detailed continuum radiative transfer, thermo-chemical modelling of …

Protoplanetary disks with large inner dust cavities are thought to host massive planetary or
substellar companions. These disks show asymmetries and rings in the millimeter …

Circumstellar disks are thought to experience a rapid" transition" phase in their evolution that
can have a considerable impact on the formation and early development of planetary …

Flattened, rotating disks of cool dust and gas extending for tens to hundreds of astronomical
units are found around almost all low-mass stars shortly after their birth. These disks …

We present the results of a high angular resolution (0 farcs 3≈ 40 AU) Submillimeter Array
survey of the 345 GHz (870 μm) thermal continuum emission from nine of the brightest, and …

The formation of gaseous giant planets is thought to occur in the first few million years after
stellar birth. Models predict that the process produces a deep gap in the dust component …

Aims. Photodissociation by UV light is an important destruction mechanism for carbon
monoxide (CO) in many astrophysical environments, ranging from interstellar clouds to …