Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a classical, pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. It is also
the first 'adipokine'described to be produced from adipose tissue, regulated in obesity and …

Obesity is one of the major health burdens of the 21st century as it contributes to the growing
prevalence of its related comorbidities, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is linked to sterile and pathogen-dependent inflammation, and
its dysregulation underlies many chronic diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated as …

NLRP3 is the best characterized cytosolic nod-like pattern recognition receptor which can
detect microbial motifs, endogenous danger and stress signals. Activation of NLRP3 leads to …

In a world in which life expectancy is increasing, understanding and promoting healthy
aging becomes a contemporary demand. In the elderly, a sterile, chronic and low-grade …

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is
symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory …

Highly ordered interactions between immune and metabolic responses are evolutionarily
conserved and paramount for tissue and organismal health. Disruption of these interactions …

Aims There has been growing evidence that adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)
and inflammatory cytokines involved in insulin resistance and may be attractive candidates …

Background Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major hallmark for pathogenesis and
etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). IR is directly interlinked with various …

Adipose tissue is a complex organ that comprises a wide range of cell types with diverse
energy storage, metabolic regulation, and neuroendocrine and immune functions. Because …