Biogeography is the study of species distribution and diversity within an ecosystem and is at
the core of how we understand ecosystem dynamics and interactions at the macroscale. In …

The two most important bacterial phyla in the gastrointestinal tract, Firmicutes and
Bacteroidetes, have gained much attention in recent years. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes …

Microglial function declines during aging. The interaction of microglia with the gut microbiota
has been well characterized during development and adulthood but not in aging. Here, we …

ABSTRACT A healthy balanced diet is crucial in protecting the immune system against
infections and diseases. Poor diets, such as the Western diet, contribute to the development …

Obesity is a major risk factor for developing gallstone disease (GSD). Previous studies have
shown that obesity is associated with an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut …

The role of the microbiome in human aging is important: the microbiome directly impacts
aging through the gastrointestinal system. However, the microbial impact on skin has yet to …

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in the body and has the
potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an …

Humans may be exposed to microplastics (MPs) through food, drink, and air. Although
several studies have examined indoor environmental MPs, none have yet compared …

The gut microbiome can reflect the health condition of the entire body. Firmicutes and
Bacteroidetes, the major phyla of the colon, can influence diseases related to obesity which …

The gut microbiota consists of trillions of microorganisms, fulfilling important roles in
metabolism, nutritional intake, physiology and maturation of the immune system, but also …