Complement is a complex innate immune surveillance system, playing a key role in defense
against pathogens and in host homeostasis. The complement system is initiated by …

The innate immune system provides many ways to quickly resist infection. The twobest-
studieddefenses indendritic cells (DCs) are the productionof protective cytokines—like …

In the human disorder multiple sclerosis (MS) and in the model experimental autoimmune
encephalomyelitis (EAE), macrophages predominate in demyelinated areas and their …

Nephritis is one of the most severe complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
One key characteristic of lupus nephritis (LN) is the deposition of immune complexes …

Complement is part of the innate immune system. Its major function is recognition and
elimination of pathogens via direct killing and/or stimulation of phagocytosis. Activation of …

The complement system is an ancient and evolutionary conserved element of the innate
immune mechanism. It comprises of more than 20 serum proteins most of which are …

Deficiency in C1q, the recognition component of the classical complement cascade and a
pattern recognition receptor involved in apoptotic cell clearance, leads to lupus-like …

Cell deletion is a physiological process for the development and maintenance of tissue
homeostasis in metazoa. This is mainly achieved by the induction of various forms of …

Antibodies to CD20 have confirmed the hypothesis that monoclonal reagents can be given
in vivo to alleviate human diseases. The targeting of CD20 on normal, malignant and auto …

Efficient apoptotic cell clearance is critical for maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and to
control the immune responses mediated by phagocytes. Little is known about the molecules …