Ubiquitous heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle has been documented by numerous
chemical and isotopic analyses of oceanic basalts. Despite the ever-increasing amount of …

Eruptions are fed by dikes; therefore, better knowledge of dike propagation is necessary to
improve our understanding of how magma is transferred and extruded at volcanoes. This …

New finite‐frequency tomographic images of S‐wave velocity confirm the existence of deep
mantle plumes below a large number of known hot spots. We compare S‐anomaly images …

A global compilation of 170 time‐averaged volumetric volcanic output rates (Qe) is
evaluated in terms of composition and petrotectonic setting to advance the understanding of …

Volcanic hotspots are thought to be fed by hot, active upwellings from the deep mantle, with
excess temperatures (T ex)~ 100° to 300° C higher than those of mid-ocean ridges …

The origin of enriched mantle (EM) sources remains an unsolved problem for constraining
the composition and chemical evolution of the Earth's mantle, because a wealth of different …

We explore the partial melting behavior of a carbonated silica-deficient eclogite (SLEC1; 5
wt% CO2) from experiments at 3 GPa and compare the compositions of partial melts with …

From oxic atmosphere to metallic core, the Earth's components are broadly stratified with
respect to oxygen fugacity. A simple picture of reducing oxygen fugacity with depth may be …

The Earth's mantle is currently divided into the African and Pacific domains, separated by the
circum-Pacific subduction girdle, and each domain features a large low shear-wave velocity …

Helium isotopes provide an important tool for tracing early-Earth, primordial reservoirs that
have survived in the planet's interior,,. Volcanic hotspot lavas, like those erupted at Hawaii …