The increasing demand for animal-derived foods has led to intensive and large-scale
livestock production with the consequent formation of large amounts of manure. Livestock …

Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a critical global health issue with significant clinical and
economic implications. AR occurs when microorganisms develop mechanisms to withstand …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and gene loss result in rapid changes in the gene content of
bacteria. While HGT aids bacteria to adapt to new environments, it also carries risks such as …

Naturally competent organisms are capable of DNA uptake directly from the environment
through the process of transformation. Despite the importance of transformation to microbial …

Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect a bacterial host. They play a great role in
the modern biotechnology and antibiotic-resistant microbe era. Since the discovery of …

The development of antibiotic resistance threatens human and environmental health. Non-
antibiotic stressors, including fungicides, may contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance …

Natural transformation, the process whereby a cell acquires DNA directly from the
environment, is an important driver of evolution in microbial populations, yet the mechanism …

Antibiotics are among the most important discoveries in medicine and have revolutionized
human therapy. Antibiotics are used extensively in many different fields apart from medicine …

The ability to modify and control natural and engineered microbiomes is essential for
biotechnology and biomedicine. Fungi are critical members of most microbiomes, yet …

Abstract Background Arsenite oxidase (EC 1.20. 2.1) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the
oxidation of arsenite into lesser toxic arsenate. In this study, 78 amino acid sequences of …