In late 2020, after circulating for almost a year in the human population, severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibited a major step change in its …

Millions of people are suffering from Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
(PASC). Several biological factors have emerged as potential drivers of PASC pathology …

T cells are a critical component of the response to SARS-CoV-2, but their kinetics after
infection and vaccination are insufficiently understood. Using" spheromer" peptide-MHC …

Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, which are dimers of a
glycosylated polymorphic transmembrane heavy chain and the small-protein β2 …

Viruses employ a variety of strategies to escape or counteract immune responses, including
depletion of cell surface major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), that would …

Knockout of the ORF8 protein has repeatedly spread through the global viral population
during SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Here we use both regional and global pathogen sequencing …

Over the years, several distinct pathogenic coronaviruses have emerged, including the
pandemic SARS-CoV-2, which is difficult to curtail despite the availability of licensed …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was first identified
in December 2019, in Wuhan, China was found to be the etiological agent for a novel …

Small animal models have been a challenge for the study of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, with
most investigators using golden hamsters or ferrets. Mice have the advantages of low cost …

CD8+ T cell immunity, mediated by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and T cell receptor
(TCR), plays a critical role in conferring immune memory and protection against viral …