The human macula uniquely concentrates three carotenoids: lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-
zeaxanthin. Lutein and zeaxanthin must be obtained from dietary sources such as green …

Cholesterol is an essential structural component in the cell membranes of most vertebrates.
The biophysical properties of cholesterol and the enzymology of cholesterol metabolism …

Steroid hormones are made from cholesterol, primarily derived from lipoproteins that enter
cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. In endo-lysosomes, cholesterol is released from …

St AR‐related lipid transfer domain‐3 (STARD 3) is a sterol‐binding protein that creates
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–endosome contact sites. How this protein, at the crossroad …

Stripe rust is a devastating fungal disease that afflicts wheat in many regions of the world.
New races of Puccinia striiformis, the pathogen responsible for this disease, have overcome …

In the past, bile acids were considered to be just detergent molecules derived from
cholesterol in the liver. They were known to be important for the solubilization of cholesterol …

Quantitative resistance (QR) refers to a resistance that is phenotypically incomplete and is
based on the joined effect of several genes, each contributing quantitatively to the level of …

Organelles are physically connected by membrane contact sites. The endoplasmic reticulum
possesses three major receptors, VAP‐A, VAP‐B, and MOSPD2, which interact with proteins …

Mammalian cells acquire cholesterol from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and from
endogenous biosynthesis. The roles of the Niemann-Pick type C1 protein in mediating the …

Despite its importance for mammalian cell biology and human health, there are many basic
aspects of cholesterol homeostasis that are not well understood. Even for the well …